| 1 | import json |
| 2 | |
| 1 | 3 | class RestAPI: |
| 2 | 4 | def __init__(self, database: dict | None = None): |
| 3 | | pass |
| 4 | | |
| 5 | """ |
| 6 | Initialize the REST API with a database. |
| 7 | |
| 8 | Args: |
| 9 | database: A dictionary containing user data or None to initialize with an empty database. |
| 10 | """ |
| 11 | if database is None: |
| 12 | self.database = {"users": []} |
| 13 | else: |
| 14 | self.database = database |
| 15 | |
| 5 | 16 | def get(self, url: str, payload: str | None = None) -> str: |
| 6 | | pass |
| 7 | | |
| 17 | """ |
| 18 | Handle GET requests to the API. |
| 19 | |
| 20 | Args: |
| 21 | url: The endpoint URL. |
| 22 | payload: Optional JSON payload. |
| 23 | |
| 24 | Returns: |
| 25 | A JSON string response. |
| 26 | |
| 27 | Raises: |
| 28 | ValueError: If the URL is not recognized. |
| 29 | """ |
| 30 | if url == "/users": |
| 31 | # Edge Case: No payload provided - return all users |
| 32 | if payload is None: |
| 33 | return json.dumps({"users": sorted(self.database["users"], key=lambda x: x["name"])}) |
| 34 | |
| 35 | # Edge Case: Payload provided - return only specified users |
| 36 | try: |
| 37 | data = json.loads(payload) |
| 38 | user_names = data.get("users", []) |
| 39 | |
| 40 | # Edge Case: Empty user list in payload |
| 41 | if not user_names: |
| 42 | return json.dumps({"users": []}) |
| 43 | |
| 44 | # Filter users by name |
| 45 | result_users = [user for user in self.database["users"] if user["name"] in user_names] |
| 46 | |
| 47 | # Edge Case: Some or all requested users don't exist |
| 48 | # Return only existing users, sorted by name |
| 49 | return json.dumps({"users": sorted(result_users, key=lambda x: x["name"])}) |
| 50 | except json.JSONDecodeError: |
| 51 | # Edge Case: Invalid JSON payload |
| 52 | return json.dumps({"users": []}) |
| 53 | else: |
| 54 | # Edge Case: Unknown URL |
| 55 | raise ValueError(f"Unknown GET endpoint: {url}") |
| 56 | |
| 57 | # Handled Edge Cases: No payload, payload with empty user list, payload with non-existent users, invalid JSON payload, unknown URL |
| 58 | |
| 8 | 59 | def post(self, url: str, payload: str | None = None) -> str: |
| 9 | | pass |
| 60 | """ |
| 61 | Handle POST requests to the API. |
| 62 | |
| 63 | Args: |
| 64 | url: The endpoint URL. |
| 65 | payload: JSON payload. |
| 66 | |
| 67 | Returns: |
| 68 | A JSON string response. |
| 69 | |
| 70 | Raises: |
| 71 | ValueError: If the URL is not recognized or if there are issues with the payload. |
| 72 | """ |
| 73 | if payload is None: |
| 74 | # Edge Case: No payload provided for POST request |
| 75 | raise ValueError("POST request requires a payload") |
| 76 | |
| 77 | try: |
| 78 | data = json.loads(payload) |
| 79 | except json.JSONDecodeError: |
| 80 | # Edge Case: Invalid JSON payload |
| 81 | raise ValueError("Invalid JSON payload") |
| 82 | |
| 83 | if url == "/add": |
| 84 | user_name = data.get("user") |
| 85 | |
| 86 | # Edge Case: Missing user field in payload |
| 87 | if user_name is None: |
| 88 | raise ValueError("Missing 'user' field in payload") |
| 89 | |
| 90 | # Edge Case: User already exists |
| 91 | for user in self.database["users"]: |
| 92 | if user["name"] == user_name: |
| 93 | raise ValueError(f"User '{user_name}' already exists") |
| 94 | |
| 95 | # Create new user |
| 96 | new_user = { |
| 97 | "name": user_name, |
| 98 | "owes": {}, |
| 99 | "owed_by": {}, |
| 100 | "balance": 0.0 |
| 101 | } |
| 102 | self.database["users"].append(new_user) |
| 103 | |
| 104 | return json.dumps(new_user) |
| 105 | |
| 106 | elif url == "/iou": |
| 107 | lender_name = data.get("lender") |
| 108 | borrower_name = data.get("borrower") |
| 109 | amount = data.get("amount") |
| 110 | |
| 111 | # Edge Case: Missing required fields in payload |
| 112 | if lender_name is None or borrower_name is None or amount is None: |
| 113 | raise ValueError("Missing required fields: lender, borrower, or amount") |
| 114 | |
| 115 | # Edge Case: Lender and borrower are the same person |
| 116 | if lender_name == borrower_name: |
| 117 | raise ValueError("Lender and borrower cannot be the same person") |
| 118 | |
| 119 | # Edge Case: Negative or zero amount |
| 120 | if amount <= 0: |
| 121 | raise ValueError("Amount must be positive") |
| 122 | |
| 123 | # Find lender and borrower |
| 124 | lender = None |
| 125 | borrower = None |
| 126 | |
| 127 | for user in self.database["users"]: |
| 128 | if user["name"] == lender_name: |
| 129 | lender = user |
| 130 | elif user["name"] == borrower_name: |
| 131 | borrower = user |
| 132 | |
| 133 | # Edge Case: Lender or borrower does not exist |
| 134 | if lender is None or borrower is None: |
| 135 | raise ValueError("Lender or borrower does not exist") |
| 136 | |
| 137 | # Handle IOU netting when lender already owes borrower |
| 138 | # Check if lender already owes borrower |
| 139 | if lender_name in borrower["owed_by"]: |
| 140 | existing_debt = borrower["owed_by"][lender_name] |
| 141 | if amount >= existing_debt: |
| 142 | # New loan covers existing debt and possibly creates new debt in opposite direction |
| 143 | remaining_amount = amount - existing_debt |
| 144 | del borrower["owed_by"][lender_name] # Remove existing debt |
| 145 | del lender["owes"][borrower_name] # Remove corresponding debt from lender |
| 146 | if remaining_amount > 0: |
| 147 | # Create new debt from borrower to lender |
| 148 | if borrower_name in lender["owed_by"]: |
| 149 | lender["owed_by"][borrower_name] += remaining_amount |
| 150 | else: |
| 151 | lender["owed_by"][borrower_name] = remaining_amount |
| 152 | if lender_name in borrower["owes"]: |
| 153 | borrower["owes"][lender_name] += remaining_amount |
| 154 | else: |
| 155 | borrower["owes"][lender_name] = remaining_amount |
| 156 | else: |
| 157 | # New loan partially covers existing debt |
| 158 | borrower["owed_by"][lender_name] = existing_debt - amount |
| 159 | lender["owes"][borrower_name] = existing_debt - amount |
| 160 | else: |
| 161 | # No existing debt, just add new loan |
| 162 | # Update lender's owed_by |
| 163 | if borrower_name in lender["owed_by"]: |
| 164 | lender["owed_by"][borrower_name] += amount |
| 165 | else: |
| 166 | lender["owed_by"][borrower_name] = amount |
| 167 | |
| 168 | # Update borrower's owes |
| 169 | if lender_name in borrower["owes"]: |
| 170 | borrower["owes"][lender_name] += amount |
| 171 | else: |
| 172 | borrower["owes"][lender_name] = amount |
| 173 | |
| 174 | # Recalculate balances |
| 175 | lender_total_owed = sum(lender["owed_by"].values()) |
| 176 | lender_total_owes = sum(lender["owes"].values()) |
| 177 | lender["balance"] = lender_total_owed - lender_total_owes |
| 178 | |
| 179 | borrower_total_owed = sum(borrower["owed_by"].values()) |
| 180 | borrower_total_owes = sum(borrower["owes"].values()) |
| 181 | borrower["balance"] = borrower_total_owed - borrower_total_owes |
| 182 | |
| 183 | # Return updated user objects sorted by name |
| 184 | result_users = sorted([lender, borrower], key=lambda x: x["name"]) |
| 185 | return json.dumps({"users": result_users}) |
| 186 | else: |
| 187 | # Edge Case: Unknown URL |
| 188 | raise ValueError(f"Unknown POST endpoint: {url}") |
| 189 | |
| 190 | # Handled Edge Cases: No payload, invalid JSON payload, missing user field in /add, user already exists, |
| 191 | # missing required fields in /iou, lender and borrower are the same, negative or zero amount, |
| 192 | # lender or borrower does not exist, unknown URL |